Eretmocrinus granuliferus Crinoid

This Eretmocrinus granuliferus crinoid lived on the seafloor in the Mississippian Period. This fossil is on display on the first floor of the Indiana State Museum as of May 2012. More than likely this fossil is from Crawfordsville, Indiana. That is a some beautiful 3-D prep work!

Learn more about the Indiana State Museum at their web site.

Onychaster Starfish Fossil

Onychaster sp. starfish fossil that crawled the seafloor in the Mississippian Period. This fossil is on display on the first floor of the Indiana State Museum as of May 2012. More than likely this fossil is from Crawfordsville, Indiana. That is a some beautiful 3-D prep work!

Learn more about the Indiana State Museum at their web site.

Calcium Acetate or the Lemon Meringue Pie Effect

A while back I was working with some North Evans Limestone samples looking for conodont fossils. Dave at Views of the Mahantango blog had left me with some specimens to work with. He told me to dissolve the pieces in vinegar and then look for small fossils.  This worked (see pictures at bottom of post) and afterwards I left the samples in the sun room where I do most of my photography and microscope work.

Several weeks passed when I noticed something interesting in the container, formations of white crystals were forming. As it turns out a chemical reaction was taking place, one in which the limestone samples (calcium carbonate) were interacting with the vinegar (acetic acid) to form water, carbon dioxide, and calcium acetate (calcium salt). The carbon dioxide floated off into the atmosphere, the water eventually evaporated, which just left the limestone and crystallized calcium acetate.

Limestone + Vinegar =  Calcium Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

CaCO₃ + 2CH₃COOH = Ca(CH₃COO)₂ + H₂O + CO₂

The calcium acetate formed a texture and color that reminded me of the layer of meringue that one finds on lemon pies.

Lemon Meringue Pie - photo by Renee Comet (1994) - wikipedia.org

The last three pictures are of some Devonian Period conodont fossils I found in the limestone. Not sure of their names but if I had to guess maybe a Prioniodus sp. Learn more at the web site of North Evans Limestone fossils found at Penn-Dixie Cement Quarry in Hamburg, New York.